Environmentalists attribute the reduced noise pollution this year due to usage of fewer firecrackers but raised concern over rising air pollution, saying it would impact public health especially as it comes in the wake of a spell of dense smog over the city.
"Air pollutant levels during 2012 Diwali were found to be higher as compared to Diwali 2011, which can be attributed to adverse meteorological conditions or bursting of less noisy but more smoke-producing crackers," a Central Pollution Control Board official said.
CPCB monitored air quality at seven locations. The level of particulate matter (PM10) showed an increase at all locations (compared with last year's Diwali), RSPM values too were significantly higher -- ranging between 748 and 951ug/m3 as compared to 416 and 635ug/m3 last year. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations increased at all locations. Only sulphur dioxide (SO2) levels showed a decrease from last year at three locations.
On noise pollution, CPCB data showed a decreasing trend from last year. While Mayur Vihar was the noisiest area last Diwali, this year it was Lajpat Nagar which recorded 81 dBA, the same as in 2011. This was followed by Kamla Nagar (80 dBA). Mayur Vihar's noise level went down from 91 dBA in 2011 to 73 dBA.
Last year, Diwali was celebrated on October 26 during which the 24-hourly average temperatures was recorded at 26.4 degrees Celsius. This year, CPCB recorded the 24-hourly average temperature at 20.2 degrees Celsius.
DPCC, the agency that monitors ambient air quality in five locations — IGI airport, Civil Lines, Mandir Marg, RK Puram and Punjabi Bagh — too showed higher air pollution. It said carbon monoxide (CO) level ranged from 1.9 to 7.5 mg/m. It was the least at IGI airport and the highest at Civil Lines. Last year, the CO range was much lower at 1.2 to 2.05 mg/m2.
Similarly, nitrogen oxide levels too increased -- the highest being recorded at Mandir Marg and the minimum at R K Puram. Levels this year ranged between 65 to 117 ug/m while last year it was 59.64 to 114 ug/m. SO2 this year ranged from 20 to 88 ug/m and was the highest at Civil Lines and lowest at Mandir Marg. Last year, it ranged from 34.58 to 42.9 ug/m. Particulate matter ranged from 363 to 663 ug/m and was the highest at IGI airport and the lowest at Civil Lines. Last year, it was recorded at 104.6 to 421.4 ug/m.
"It's evident that overall pollution has increased this Diwali. While noise pollution has shown a decrease due to use of less noisy crackers, silent as well as noisy crackers both contribute to air pollution which has increased," said Anumita Roy Chowdhury from Centre for Science and Environment. "This is alarming for Delhi as we have just gone through a severe smog episode."
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